Renaissance
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| Renaissance |
⦿ The beginning of the Renaissance is considered to be from
the city of Florence in Italy.
⦿ The great Italian poet Dante (1260 - 1321 AD) is considered
the forerunner of the Renaissance. He was born in the city of Florence.
⦿ Dante wrote a poem called 'Divine Comedy' in 'Tuscan', the
spoken language of the then Italy, leaving the ancient Latin language. In it,
Dante describes an imaginary journey to heaven and hell.
⦿ The second person after Dante to promote the spirit of the
Renaissance was Petrock (1304 - 1367 AD).
⦿ Petrock is considered the founder of humanism. He was a
resident of Italy.
⦿ The father of Italian prose is considered to be the story
writer Boccaccio (1313 - 1375 AD).
⦿ The story writer Boccaccio's Decameron is a famous book.
⦿ The first political thinker of the modern world is
considered to be Machiavelli (1469 - 1567 AD), a resident of Florence.
⦿ Machiavelli's famous book is: The Prince, which presents a
new picture of the state.
⦿ Machiavelli is called the father of modern political
philosophy.
⦿ The full expression of the spirit of the Renaissance is
found in the works of three Italian artists. These artists were - Leonardo da
Vinci. Michelangelo and Raphael.
⦿ Leonardo da Vinci was a versatile man. He was a painter,
sculptor, engineer, scientist, philosopher, poet and singer.
⦿ Leonardo da Vinci is famous for being the author of immortal
paintings named 'The Last Supper' and 'Monalisa'.
⦿ Michelangelo was also an amazing sculptor and painter.
⦿ 'The Last Judgment' and 'The Fall of Man' are the works of
Michelangelo.
⦿ The ceiling of Sistan's cathedral has paintings by
Michelangelo.
⦿ Raphael was also an Italian painter, his best work being the
portrait of the Madonna, the mother of Jesus Christ.
⦿ Giotto is considered the father of painting in the
Renaissance period.
⦿ The best essayist of the Renaissance period was Francis
Bacon of England.
⦿ Erasmus of Holland, in his book The Praise of Folly,
satirically attacked the immoral life of the clergy and the evils of
Christianity.
⦿ The English writer Thomas Moore has presented a picture of
an ideal society in his book Utopia.
⦿ Martin Luther has presented a translation of the Bible in
German.
⦿ ' Romeo and Juliet ' is the immortal work of Shakespeare
(England).
⦿ Roger Bacon of England is considered the father of modern
experimental science.
⦿ Earth is the center of the solar system: This was first
refuted by Copernicus, a resident of Poland.
⦿ Galileo (1560 - 1642 AD) also supported the theory of
Copernicus.
⦿ The famous German scientist Kepala or Kepler (1571 - 1630
AD) explained with the help of mathematics how the planets revolve around the
Sun.
⦿ Newton (1642 - 1726 AD) discovered the law of gravitation.
⦿ The religious reform movement started in the 16th century.
⦿ The originator of the Reformation Movement was Martin
Luther, who was from Germany. He translated the Bible into German.
⦿ The religious reform movement started in England.
⦿ John Wickliffe is called the morning star of the Reformation
Movement. Its followers were called Lollards.
⦿ America was discovered by Christopher Columbus.
⦿ America was named America after Amerigo Bespucci (Italy).
⦿ The Pacific Ocean was named by Magellan, a Spaniard.
⦿ Magellan was the first person to circumnavigate the whole
world by sea.
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